Siv thiab Fault Diagnosis of Tricone Bits

1. Kev xaiv me ntsis

Thaum drilling mus rau qhov sib txawv qhov tob thiab ntsib qhov sib txawv ntawm kev tsim abrasiveness, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv txoj cai tricone me ntsis raws li lub hom phiaj drilling (xws li, ntxuav qhov dej, ntsaws qhov drilling, los yog kev taw qhia drilling). Nyob rau sab sauv qhov dej ntiav, xaiv atricone rotary laum ntsisnrog siab mechanical drilling ceev thiab dav spaced hniav. Rau cov ntu sib sib zog nqus, qhov kev tsim drillability txo, qhov kub thiab txias nce, thiab lub sij hawm rau kev hloov me ntsis nce, xaiv me ntsis nrog lub neej ntev, kub-resistant, thiab hnav tsis kam, xws li ib tugtungsten carbide tricone laum ntsislos yog aTCI tricone ib. Ntxiv cov npoo-puab lossis conical hniav rau me ntsis tuaj yeem txhim kho nws txoj kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua haujlwm nrogborewell drilling khoomlos yog hauv kev siv mining, qhov twg durability tseem ceeb heev.

2. Tricone Bit siv

Thaum xaiv qhov tsim nyog me ntsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, kev siv kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. Txawm hais tias nrog tus qauv me ntsis, kev siv tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo.

(1) Kev soj ntsuam me ntsis thiab lees txais:

Qhov no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas qhov pom ntawm qhov me me, kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov cuab yeej tuav me ntsis, lub nozzles, thiab nozzle wrenches. Ua ntej khiav me ntsis rau hauv lub qhov, manually xyuas qhov kev sib hloov ntawm tricone thiab sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov qauv me me, cov chaw tsim khoom, qib steel, dej qhov naj npawb thiab qhov loj me, thiab kev sib txuas xov hom, kom ntseeg tau tias nws phim lub adapter. Yog tias koj siv lub foob hlau drilling me ntsis, muab ob npaug rau-kos lub kaw lus kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem ua kua.

(2) Kev kho me ntsis:

Siv cov cuab yeej tuav me ntsis kom raug, tiv thaiv me ntsis, siv cov roj nplua nyeem, thiab ceev nws raws li qhov pom zoo torque, paub meej tias qhov me me yog ruaj khov (kom paub tseeb tias lub tes tsho hnav tau teeb tsa hauv qhov tseeb lossis txoj haujlwm).

(3) Kev khiav hauj lwm hauv thiab Reaming:

Tswj qhov txo qis los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub tshuab tawm, lub taub hau taub hau, txo txoj kab nruab nrab, ntu kev taw qhia drilling, lossis cov seem dogleg. Txo qhov me ntsis kom tsis txhob daig yeeb nkab lossis me ntsis jamming. Rau cov ntu ntev, ncig mus rau theem kom tsis txhob lo, xau, lossis poob ntawm kev ncig. Xyuas kom lub twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm ib txwm ua ntej reaming. Atricone pob zebyog feem ntau haum rau cov xwm txheej no vim nws muaj peev xwm los lis ntau yam formations.

(4) Tshawb nrhiav hauv qab:

Thaum mus txog hauv qab, saib xyuas qhov hnyav ntawm me ntsis (WOB) thiab torque. Yog hais tias WOB thiab torque nce, nws qhia tau hais tias kev sib cuag nrog hauv qab los yog sau cuttings. Tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom qhov qis me ntsis lossis soj ntsuam hauv qab, vim nws tuaj yeem txhaws cov qhov dej. Yog tias muaj kev txiav los yog muaj kev cuam tshuam, tsa lub laum txoj hlua, maj mam pib lub twj tso kua mis, xyuas kom zoo lub twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxuav hauv qab thaum sib txuas. Ib txwm pib lub twj tso kua mis ntxov thiab nres nws lig. Yog tias koj tab tom drilling los ntawm cov txheej txheem nyuaj,ntxig cov hniav tho khoomtej zaum yuav ua tau zoo dua.

(5) Drilling lossis plugging:

Tom qab ncav cuag hauv qab, ntxuav lub qhov dej kom huv si ua ntej drilling. Siv WOB tsawg, tsis tshua muaj kev sib hloov ceev, siab txaus tus nqi, thiab tsis tshua muaj torque los tswj lub qhov. Thaum circulating thiab tig lub laum txoj hlua, txav nws nce thiab nqis pab ntxuav me ntsis. Tswj WOB kom tsis txhob ua rau me ntsis. Saib xyuas lub twj tso kua mis hloov siab los tiv thaiv nozzle clogging. Thaum ntsib cov nplaum nplaum lossis qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog loj, kho qhov nrawm, txo WOB, siv qis qis, thiab ua kom lub zog ruaj khov. Yog tias siv lub zog laum txoj hlua, txo tus nqi ntws; Yog tias siv txoj hlua tsis siv lub tshuab tho, ua kom tus nqi ntws. Muaj qhov sib txawv hauv kev sib piv WOB thiab ceev. Kev kub ceev thiab qis WOB yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov qauv mos, thaum siab WOB thiab qis ceev yog qhov zoo dua rau cov qauv nyuaj. Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog abrasive formations,milled hniav tricone khoomtuaj yeem muab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua.

3. Tricone Bit Fault Diagnosis

(1) Me ntsis shrinking:

Thaum drilling los ntawm formations nrog siab abrasiveness, me ntsis tej zaum yuav shrinking. Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm me ntsis thiab stabilizer txiav lub wellbore qhia tau hais tias muaj zog torque ntawm lub rooj teb los yog sab saum toj tsav, daig drilling, tsis ruaj tsis khov rotary ceev (hloov lub sij hawm), thiab tsis muaj kev nce hauv drilling torque. Daim ntawv thov ntawm WOB qis thiab qis qis tsis txo qis qhov drilling. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov thaiv tom qab tsa me ntsis thiab nres lub twj tso kua mis, thiab tsis muaj cov pob zeb loj loj pom ntawm lub shaker, nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias me ntsis yog shrinking. Qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim thaum sivpeb cones laum khoom nyob rau hauv tej yam hnyav.

(2) Kev qaug dab peg:

Yog tias muaj qhov nce ntawm lub zog (piv txwv li, nce load ntawm lub rooj teb lossis lub tsav sab saum toj, lub caij nyoog daig drilling, kev hloov pauv loj hauv lub zog hluav taws xob, lossis lub suab tsis zoo ntawm lub cav), ua ke nrog lub sijhawm siv sijhawm thiab kev tsim, nws qhia tias me ntsis yuav raug ntes. Tam sim ntawd ncig thiab me ntsis retrieval yuav tsum tau ua. Atricone pob zebQee zaum tuaj yeem ntsib qhov teeb meem no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov pob zeb nyuaj.

(3) Cov hniav poob:

Yog hais tias muaj kev nce hauv lub zog ntawm lub rooj teb los yog cov tsav sab saum toj, thiab thaum lub rooj teb los yog cov tsav sab saum toj nres, lub ntsis pib rov qab, nrog rau qhov hnyav hnyav drilling, rab koob zoo li qhov hloov pauv hauv qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav, txo qis lossis tsis muaj qhov nkag mus, lossis kev hloov kev taw qhia thaum tsa lub laum txoj hlua, cov hniav poob yuav tshwm sim. Qhov no pom tau ntau dua hauv qhov dej tob, thiab yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab hloov lub sijhawm kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, milled cov hniav rau cov mining los yog TCI laum cov khoom nrog txhim khu kev ruaj ntseg tuaj yeem pab txo qis hnav.

Lus Cim: Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug daig los yog cia li drilling tej yam kev mob, lub ntsis yuav tsum tau rub tawm thiab tshuaj xyuas los yog hloov tam sim ntawd. Tsis txhob soj ntsuam hauv qab hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev poob hniav ntxiv.

Hauv kev xyaum, cov tuam txhab sib txawv, qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab cov qauv ntawm tricone cov khoom, txawm tias siv raws li cov kev pom zoo, muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm zoo. Tsuav tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis raug tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov me ntsis feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb. Txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsum tau ceev faj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xaiv qhov nruab nrabntxig cov hniav tho khoomlos yogmilled hniav tricone khoomnyob ntawm qhov tsim tshwj xeeb kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo.