Ukunyuka kwe-HDD: Ukunqoba imingeni kwiiProjekthi ze-Hard Rock.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imfuno ye ukomba othe tye (HDD) iye yanda kakhulu. Lo mkhwa kulindeleke ukuba uqhubeke kule minyaka ilishumi izayo. Iqhutywa kukwandisa unxibelelwano kunye neemfuno zamandla,HDDiikontraka ziya kujongana nemingeni ekhulayo xa kufakwa iintambo eziphantsi komhlaba kunye nemibhobho.

NgokwemveliIzixhobo zeHDD inokusetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mveliso ayizona zisebenzayo zokomba kwiindlela zamatye. Xa iikontraka zihlangabezana nobunzima, izixhobo ezingafanelekanga zinokucothisa inkqubela kwaye zandise iindleko. Ukugqiba ngempumelelo iiprojekthi kulwalwa oluqinileyo, izinto ezintandathu ezingundoqo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe.

1. SebenzisaIiHammers zePneumatic Down the Hole

Uninzi lweekontraka ezikhokelayo ze-HDD ziye zamkela iihamile ze-pneumatic ezantsi komngxuma ukugrumba kumaleko amatye. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokomba ezisetyenziswa kwizakhiwo ezithambileyo, izando eziphantsi komngxuma zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo. Okona kubaluleke kakhulu, izixhobo ezisezantsi-emngxunyeni zinokugrumba kuluhlu olubanzi lweendlela, kubandakanya ilitye eliqinileyo, ilitye eliqhekekileyo, igravel, amatye, kunye ne-geology exekileyo. Xa sijongene nezi meko zejoloji, izixhobo eziphantsi komngxuma zinelona zinga lempumelelo liphezulu lokungena. Isishwankathelo, izixhobo ezisezantsi-umngxuma zisebenza ngakumbi xa kusetyenzwa ematyeni, okunokuthi kunciphise ixesha lokomba okanye ngaphezulu.

2. Lungiselela Zonke izixhobo zeSixhobo kwiNdawo yoMsebenzi

Iimeko zejoloji kunye noyilo lweprojekthi lunokutshintsha nangaliphi na ixesha, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba izixhobo zezixhobo zilungele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokwakha. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokugaya zifuna izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Ukubunjwa kodongwe, izakhi zemveli, eziqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo zesixhobo ziyafuneka, ngelixa i-geology yamatye ifuna iihamile ezisezantsi. Abasebenzisi kwakhona kufuneka basebenzise i-diverter ukudibanisa i-reamer kunye nombhobho ngexesha lokubuyisela kwakhona, ukuvumela i-reamer ukuba ijikeleze ngelixa igcina umbhobho umile, uphantsi kwamandla okutsalwa kwaye kungekhona i-torque, ukuphepha ukujijwa kunye nokonakalisa umbhobho. Ukongeza, i-hydraulic-release clamps iyacetyiswa ngokhuseleko. Okokugqibela, ezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka zilungiswe, njengeentsimbi zokubhoboza, izizinzisi, iibhithi zokuqhuba, kunye neebhithi zokukhokela. Abaqhubi kufuneka balungiselele kwangaphambili ukuphepha isiphithiphithi kwindawo yomsebenzi.

3. Zigcine rhoqo izixhobo zokwandisa uBomi

Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo kuqondile kodwa kuhlala kungahoywa ngabakhi abaninzi. Bahlala bebeka izixhobo ngokuthe ngqo emva kokusetyenziswa, kuphela ukuzikhupha kwiprojekthi elandelayo. Enyanisweni, zonke izixhobo kufuneka zicocwe ngokukhawuleza emva kweprojekthi nganye. Abanini-zithuthi mabaqinisekise ukuba i-diverter iyathanjiswa emva kokuba iprojekthi igqityiwe; kwiihamile zomngxuma we-pneumatic, kubalulekile ukukhupha umoya emva kokusetyenziswa, ukugcina ihamile ngokuthe tye, kwaye uyigcine kwindawo eyomileyo. Ukugcinwa kwexesha elide, isando kufuneka sichithwe, kwaye zonke iinqununu zihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ingaphakathi lesixhobo likhululekile ekungcoleni.

4. Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iziXhobo zeHard Rock

Kukho umahluko obalulekileyo wokusebenza phakathi kwezixhobo, kwaye njengoko ilizwi lihamba, "ufumana oko uhlawulayo." Zonke izinto zokugaya, ukusuka kwi-rig ukuya kwi-drill bit, kufuneka zihambelane. Iikontraka kufuneka zikhethe ngononophelo izixhobo ukuphepha iimveliso ezingekho mgangathweni ezichaphazela umgangatho weprojekthi. Xa ukhetha izixhobo ze-rock eqinile, qwalasela la manqaku alandelayo:

• Ukusebenza kwesixhobo kufuneka kuhambelane neemeko zejoloji.
• Vavanya iindleko zezixhobo kunye neendleko zokwakha ngokubanzi.
• Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezithile kunye nezixhobo ziyimfuneko.
• Beka kuqala izixhobo ezineempawu ezikhokelayo, amazinga okungena aphezulu, ukugcinwa lula, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokwakha.
• Khetha abavelisi bezixhobo abathembekileyo.
• Gcina intsebenziswano esondeleyo namaqela eengcali zeprojekthi.

 5. Imiba eqhelekileyo kwiiProjekthi ze-Hard Rock Directional Drilling

Ukuqhuba uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa kweprojekthi ngaphambi kokuqala kunokunciphisa kakhulu iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo. Injineli yeprojekthi efanelekileyo kufuneka yenze oku kulandelayo:

• Ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iimeko zejoloji kunye nokuphuhlisa izicwangciso zokwakha ezihambelanayo ngaphambi kokuba iprojekthi iqale.
• Khetha ngononophelo izixhobo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zokwakha.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umngxuma wequla uliphinda-phindwe kayi-1.5 kunolo lombhobho, unqanda ubungakanani obukhulu kakhulu okanye obuncinci kakhulu.
• Cela amacebiso kwiingcali ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela ubunzima.

6. Gcina izixhobo zicocekile

Umzekelo, iihamile eziphantsi komngxuma we-pneumatic zisebenzisa umoya oxinanisiweyo njengamandla, kunye neepistons eziphindaphindayo ngaphakathi kweesilinda ukuchaphazela ngokuphindaphindiweyo umva we-drill bit, ukuphumeza umsebenzi oqhubekayo kunye nokuvelisa iimpembelelo zamandla aphezulu-frequency kwilitye ekufuneka laphulwe. Kwangaxeshanye, irhasi ipholisa i-drill bit kwaye icoca iziqendu phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokuhamba komoya ukufezekisa iinjongo zokomba. Qinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zicocekile phambi kokusetyenziswa ukuthintela ukuxinana ngexesha lokwakha. Ngophuhliso olukhulayo lwe-fiber optics engaphantsi komhlaba, unxibelelwano, kunye nezinye iiprojekthi zikamasipala, amaqela anolwazi olukhethekileyo lokusebenza kunye namava atyebileyo okomba aya kuba ziinkokeli ekubumbeni ishishini.