UkuSetyenzwa kwaNgaphakathi kweZivalufa zeZixhobo zoKwemba: Ukugcina uLawulo noKhuseleko

Yazisa:

Kwilizwe elintsonkothileyo leizixhobo zokomba, amacandelo amaninzi abalulekileyo asebenza ngaphandle komthungo kunye ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Phakathi kwazo, iivalvu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukuhamba kolwelo, ukugcina uxinzelelo, kwanokulawula iimeko zonxunguphalo. Le bhlog iya kujonga nzulu kubuxhakaxhaka kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu, ngogxininiso olukhethekileyo kukubaluleka kwazoamaqula kunye nokulawula kakuhle.

Iivalvu kwisixhobo sokomba:

Ivalve sisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo, igesi okanye udaka. Kwizixhobo zokomba, zibalulekile ekulawuleni ukuhamba kodaka lokomba, ulwelo olukhethekileyo olunceda kwimisebenzi yokomba. Eziiivalvebachanabeke kuxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nezinto ezidlekayo; ngoko ke, kufuneka zibe zomelele, zithembeke kwaye zixhathise ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula.

Intloko kunye neevalvu:

Izixhobo ze-Wellhead ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobuso beoli okanye igesi kakuhle kwaye zibonelela ngolawulo oluyimfuneko loxinzelelo ngelixa ubhobhoza. Kumthombo, iivalvu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ulawulo nokuthintela ukuvuthuza okuyingozi okanye ukukhutshwa okungalawulekiyo kweehydrocarbons. Iindidi ezimbini zeevalvu eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwi-wellheads "iivalvu zesango" kunye "neevalve".

1. Ivalve yesango:

Aivalve yesangoyivalve eshukumayo evula ngokuphakamisa isango ngaphandle kwendlela yokuhamba kwamanzi. Inika ulawulo olusebenzayo lokuvula/lokucima iqula kwaye lisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lesigaba sokomba. Iivalvu zesango zenzelwe ukujamelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuthintela ukubuya kolwelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo zibekwe ngaphantsi kwentloko yomthombo kwaye zisebenze njengesithintelo ngokuchasene naluphi na ukuqhuma okungalindelekanga.

2. Ivalve yomqala:

Avala ivalve, eyaziwa ngokuba yivalve yokulawula, inceda ukukhawulela kunye nokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kwi-wellhead. Inokuthi iqhutywe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokugcina ukuhamba okufunekayo kunye noxinzelelo ngexesha lokugaya. Olu hlobo lwesivalo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni iziganeko ezinokwenzeka zokulawula kakuhle, ukucinezela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo, kunye nokuthintela ukusilela kwezixhobo.

Ukulawula kakuhle kunye neMisebenzi yeValve:

Ukulawulwa kakuhle yinkqubo yokugcina uxinzelelo kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo ngexesha lemisebenzi yokomba. Apha, ivalve iya kudlala ukuphumeza imisebenzi emibini ephambili:

1. Isithinteli sokuvuthela (BOP) valvu:

Iivalve ze-BOP zithathwa njengomgca wokugqibela wokukhusela ngokuchasene nokuhamba okungalawulwayo. Ezi zivalo zifakwe ngaphezu kwe-wellhead, zinika inqanaba elongezelelweyo lokhuseleko. Bavimba imithombo yeoli kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, ukuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukuvuthuza. Ii actuator zeHydraulic zinokuvala ngokukhawuleza ivalve yokuthintela ukuvuthela ukuze yahlule iqula kwisixhobo esingaphezulu.

2. Ivalve yokuthintela ukuvuthuza:

Ii-BOP ze-Annular zisebenzisa izitywini ze-elastomeric eziguquguqukayo ukutywina isithuba phakathi kombhobho wokugrumba kunye nomthombo. Ezi zivalo zinceda ukulawula uxinzelelo kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi yokulawula kakuhle, ngokukodwa ngexesha lokugaya nokugqiba imisebenzi.

Ukuququmbela:

Iivalvu kwizixhobo zokugaya, ngokukodwa kwii-wellheads kunye neenkqubo zokulawula imithombo, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni iingozi, ukugcina uxinzelelo olufunekayo kunye nokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kokomba. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubeka ihambela phambili, iivalvu ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziya kuqhubeka zivela ukuze zibonelele ngamanqanaba amakhulu olawulo, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo.