Ukuqonda uMsebenzi weeNtloko zeTubing kwi-Wellhead Equipment
Kwimisebenzi ye-oyile nerhasi,izixhobo wellheadidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukutsalwa okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kwemithombo evela kumphezulu.Intloko yetyhubhuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo ze-wellhead kwaye i-interface ephambili phakathi kwe-wellbore kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa umphezulu. Kule bhlog, siza kujonga ngakumbi umsebenzi weiintloko zeetyhubhukwizixhobo ze-wellhead kunye nokuphonononga ukuba banegalelo njani ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwe-oyile kunye negesi yequla.
Intloko ye-tubing iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendibano ye-wellhead enikezela indawo yokudibanisa kwi-tubing yokuvelisa ukuthutha ulwelo olukhutshiweyo ukusuka kumthombo ukuya phezulu. Umsebenzi ophambili wentloko yetyhubhu kukuxhasa ubunzima betyhubhu yemveliso kunye nokubonelela ngesitywina ukuthintela ulwelo kunye nerhasi ukuba ingaphumi kumthombo. Ukongeza, iintloko zeetyhubhu ziyilelwe ukuba zibambe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza, njengokufakwa kwezixhobo ze-downhole, ukugawulwa kwemveliso, kunye nemisebenzi yokugcinwa kwequla.
Intloko yetyhubhuUyilo lulungelelaniswe kwiimfuno ezithile zequla ngalinye, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezifana nobunzulu, uxinzelelo kunye neempawu zemveliso. Iintloko zetyhubhu zihlala zixhotyiswe ngoluhlu lweendawo zokuphuma kunye nokudibanisa ukuququzelela ukufakwa kweevalve, izithinteli kunye nezinye izixhobo zokuvelisa. Oku kulawula kwaye kulawule ukuhamba kwamanzi ukusuka kumthombo womthombo ukuya kwindawo yokuvelisa, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo.
Olunye lweempawu eziphambili zentloko yetyhubhu kukubonelela ngesitywina sesibini, esibaluleke kakhulu ekuqulatheni ulwelo lwe-wellbore kunye nokuthintela ukungcoliseka kwendalo. Ezi zitywina zesibini ziyilelwe ukuba zimelane noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye namaqondo obushushu, zinika umaleko owongezelelweyo wokhuseleko ekuvuzeni okunokwenzeka okanye ukuvuthela. Kwimeko yesiganeko sokulawula kakuhle, izitywina zesibini kwintloko ye-tubing zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ulwelo lwe-wellbore kunye nokuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-hydrocarbons kwindalo.
Intloko ye-tubing nayo ixhotyiswe ngee-hangers, ezizizixhobo zoomatshini ezixhasa ubunzima betyhubhu yokuvelisa kunye nokubonelela ngoqhagamshelwano olukhuselekileyo kwi-wellhead. I-hanger yenzelwe ukujamelana nemikhosi eyenziwa yi-tubing yemveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ihlala kwindawo kwaye itywine ngokufanelekileyo i-wellbore. Ukongeza, iintloko zetyhubhu zinokubandakanya izinto ezinje ngezikrufu zokutshixa kunye neeprofayili zokutshixa ukuqhubela phambili ukhuseleko lwetyhubhu yemveliso endaweni, ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kunye nokuthembeka.
Isishwankathelo, intloko ye-tubing yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo ze-wellhead, esebenza njenge-interface phakathi kwe-wellbore kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa umphezulu. Imisebenzi yabo ephambili kukuxhasa iityhubhu yemveliso, ukubonelela ngezitywina zokuqulatha ulwelo lwe-wellbore, kunye nokuququzelela ukufakwa kwezixhobo zemveliso. Ngoyilo lwazo olunqabileyo kunye neempawu ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko, iintloko zetyhubhu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kweoli kunye negesi yemithombo.