Intuthuko kuHydraulic kanye ne-Water-Powered DTH Drilling Technology.

1. Izinzuzo ze-Hydraulic Rock Drills

① I-High Hydraulic Pressure: Ivamise ukusuka ku-10 kuye ku-25 MPa, nethrendi efinyelela kumkhawulo ophezulu. Lokhu kuphakeme izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuya kwezingamashumi amaningi kunomfutho womoya.

② Amandla Okukhipha Aphezulu: Ngokuvamile aphakathi kuka-5 kuya ku-20 kW. Amanye amamodeli, njenge-COP4050 nge-ATLAS kanye ne-HL2000 ka-TAMROCK, afinyelela ku-40 kW, kuyilapho i-HL4000 ifinyelela ku-70 kW.

③ Isivinini Sokubhola Ngokushesha: Ngokuvamile kufinyelela izinga lokumba lika-1–3 m/min.

④ Ukusebenza Okuphakeme Kakhulu: Ukusebenza kahle kokuzibhoboza kwamatshe okudonsa amanzi ngokwawo kungafinyelela ku-50%, futhi amaphampu asebenza ngogesi asebenza kahle kakhulu kunama-air compressor. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla sekukonke kuphezulu kakhulu kunezinhlelo zokumba amatshe womoya.

2. Okubi kwe-Hydraulic Rock Drills

① Ukulahleka Kokudluliselwa Kwamandla: Njengoba i-rock drill itholakala phezulu kwe-drill rod, ukulahlekelwa kokudluliswa kwamandla kuyanda ngokujula kwembobo okukhulu, okuholela ekwehleni kwesivinini sokumba.

② I-High Drill Rod Wear: Njengoba amandla e-hydraulic rock drill ekhula, ingcindezi ku-drill rod nayo iyanda, okuholela emazingeni aphezulu omonakalo. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe obufana nokumba i-Atlas Copco kusiza ekunciphiseni ingcindezi, buyandisa izindleko futhi buhluleke ukuxazulula inkinga ngokuphelele, ngaleyo ndlela bukhawulele amandla okukhipha i-drill. Isibonelo, ngenkathi amandla e-COP4050 elinganiselwe ku-40 kW, ama-kW angama-30 kuphela asetshenziselwa ukubhoboza imbobo ejulile ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi emishinini.

③Ukuchezuka kweBorehole: Ama-drill rods abekezelela kokubili amandla okuthinta kanye ne-torque, okuholela ekugobeni nasekuwohlokeni, okunciphisa ukunemba kwe-borehole.

3. Izinzuzo zeI-Down-the-Hole (DTH)Izivivinyo

① Akukho Ukulahleka Kokudluliselwa Kwamandla: Isando sithinta ngokuqondilei-drill bit, eqeda isidingo sokudluliswa kwamandla okunomthelela nge-drill rod, iqinisekisa isivinini esingaguquki sokumba kungakhathaliseki ukujula.

② Ama-Boreholes Aqondile: I-drill rod inokuqina okuphezulu, ayingaphansi kwamandla omthelela, futhi ihambisa kuphela i-torque enokucindezela okuncane kwe-axial. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugoba kanye nokuguqulwa, kuqinisekisa ama-boreholes aqondile futhi abushelelezi. Ukuzivivinya kwe-DTH kusebenza kangcono ekwakhekeni okuqhekekile, i-strata ethambekele, noma ubulukhuni betshe obuguquguqukayo.

③ Ukususwa Kwemfucumfucu Okuphumelelayo: I-power medium iphinda kabili njengendawo yokukhukhula, ihlanza kahle imbobo futhi igweme ukubhoboza ngokweqile.

④ Umsindo Ophansi: Njengoba umthelela uvela ngaphansi kwe-borehole, umsindo uphansi kakhulu kunoukubhola kwesando esiphezulu.

⑤ Ukusebenza Okubanzi: Ngaphandle kokwakheka okuthambile kakhulu, ukubhola kwe-DTH kusebenza kahle kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamadwala, ukwedlula ukubhola kwedwala elinesando esiphezulu ngobubanzi bemigodi efinyelelekayo nokujula.

Uma kubhekwa lezi zinzuzo, ukubhola kwe-DTH kuthathwa kabanzi njengokukhetha okungcono kakhulu, njengoba u-90% wamankwali aseBrithani asebenzisa le ndlela.

4. Ububi be-Pneumatic DTH Drills

① Ukucindezela Okuphansi Namandla: I-drawback eyinhloko yokubhoboza i-DTH yomoya umfutho wabo womoya ophansi namandla okukhiphayo, okuholela esivinini sokubhola esihamba kancane. Nakuba intuthuko inyuse umfutho womoya waba ngu-2.5 MPa, lokhu kusengaphansi kakhulu komfutho we-hydraulic wokubhola kwamadwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-air compressor aphezulu ayabiza, adinga ukushayela kwamandla aphezulu, akhiqiza umsindo owengeziwe, futhi alahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu.

② Ukusebenzisa Amandla Aphansi Kahle: Ukubhoboza i-DTH yomoya womoya kudla amandla aphindwe kathathu imitha ngayinye ebhoboziwe kunamatshe okubhoboza okwenziwa nge-hydraulic.

5. Ukusetshenziswa kweHydraulicIzando ze-DTH

Ukuhlanganisa izinzuzo zokubhoboza amatshe asebenza ngogesi (ingcindezi ephezulu nokusebenza kahle) kanye nezimbobo ze-DTH (ama-boreholes aqondile), u-Hausherr waseJalimane uthuthukise i-“Rapid Hydraulic DTH Drill” ekuqaleni kwawo-1990. Kokubili izindlela zayo zokujikeleza nomthelela ziqhutshwa ngamanzi. Isando sinemigqa emibili kawoyela ukuze unikeze futhi ubuyiselwe. Imibhobho esheshayo itholakala ngobubanzi obuthathu: 90 mm, 115 mm, kanye no-150 mm, ifanele imigodi enobubanzi obungu-100-125 mm, 127–156 mm, kanye no-168–230 mm, ngokulandelana.

Ukuhlola okuqhathanisayo phakathi kwe-Rapid ne-Hausherr's HBM80S pneumatic DTH drill kubonise ukuthi, kumadiamitha e-borehole afanayo (125 mm) nokushona (36 m), i-Rapid ibonise izinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho ezinamandla aphansi enjini, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kanye nezilinganiso zokusetshenziswa kukawoyela wokugcotshwa okungu-0.46, 0.46, kanye nenhlonipho

6. Ukusetshenziswa Kwezando Ezinamandla Amanzi Amanzi

I-LKAB yaseSweden kanye nenkampani engaphansi kwayo i-G-Drill bathuthukise i-“Wassara Water-Powered DTH Hammer” ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980. Isebenzisa amanzi asemayini ahlungiwe njengendawo ephakathi, isebenza ngengcindezi ye-18-20 MPa kanye namazinga okugeleza angama-200-300 L/min. Ngesivinini esimaphakathi sokubhola esingu-850 mm/min, idlula izando zomoya (imvamisa engu-320 mm/min).

Isando se-Wassara sibonise ukusebenza okumangalisayo, njengokunciphisa ukuchezuka kwemigodi ngesigamu kanye nokwandisa umkhiqizo ngo-86% ezimayini ze-LKAB. Izicelo zifaka phakathi i-grouting ye-subway e-New York kanye nokumba i-geothermal e-Switzerland, lapho iqedele i-borehole engu-599.8 m ngezinsuku ezingu-5, uma kuqhathaniswa namaviki angu-3 ngokuzibhoboza okujwayelekile okujikelezayo.

7. Ukuqhathanisa: I-Hydraulic Water-Powered vs. Hydraulic Fluid-Driven Hammers

Izando Ezinamandla Amanzi: Sebenzisa umfutho wamanzi omile, ufinyelela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nesivinini sokumba, esifanele izicelo zokumba.

Izando Ezishayelwa Uketshezi: Sebenzisa umfutho wamanzi aguquguqukayo futhi ngokuvamile zikhawulelwe ekubhoboleni komhlaba ngengcindezi ephansi (0.5–4 MPa) nokusebenza kahle (

8. Isiphetho

Amandla kagesi namanziIzando ze-DTHhlanganisa izinzuzo zokubhoboza i-hydraulic hydraulic drill ne-pneumatic DTH izando, enikeza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, isivinini sokumba okusheshayo, kanye nemigodi eqondile. Indlela ebumbene yamandla nokuwasha yenza izando ezisebenza ngamanzi zithembise kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo.