Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokukhetha Nokusetshenziswa Kwebhithi ye-Tricone Drill

Ekubholeni okujikelezayo, ii-drill bitisebenza njengethuluzi eliyinhloko lokufohla ukwakheka kwamadwala. Ikhwalithi yebhithi nokuhambisana kwayo nohlobo lokubunjwa, izakhiwo zamadwala, nezimo zokumba zithinta ngokuqondile isivinini sokumba. Ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwebhithi kanye nemingcele yokumba ngokusekelwe ezimeni zokubunjwa kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba kanye nokwehlisa izindleko. Ukumba okujulile kuhlangana nokwakheka okuningi nezinhlobo zamadwala ezinezakhiwo ezihlukene, ukwenziwai-drill bitukukhetha umsebenzi onzima.

1. Indlela Yokukhetha I-Empirical Bit

Eyaziwa nangokuthi I-Field Drilling Data Method, lena indlela esebenzayo nesetshenziswa kabanzi phakathi kochwepheshe basensimini. Incike ekuhlaziyeni idatha evela emithonjeni eseduze endaweni efanayo, igxile ezinhlotsheni zebhithi ezizuze amavidiyo aphezulu kakhulu ambiwe kanye nezinga lokungena elimaphakathi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zejoloji nokujula. Le ndlela ilula, iyasebenza, futhi ifaneleka kahle ezifundeni ezinokwakheka okufanayo.

2. Indlela Yokukhetha Ibhithi Esekelwe Kwinkomba

Ukuze unqobe imikhawulo yezindlela ezisetshenziswayo, le ndlela ihlanganisa idatha yokugawulwa kwe-acoustic njengenkomba yokwakheka engaqondile, ethuthukisa ukunemba kwesayensi. Eyaziwa ngokuthi "Indlela Yereferensi," idinga abahlinzeki bezinto ezincane ukuthi baqhathanise imingcele yokwakheka esuselwe ekugawulweni kwe-acoustic ngezifanekiso zokukhetha ibhithi ezijwayelekile, okuvumela izincomo zebhithi ezinembayo.

3. Amathuba alinganayo Ukukhetha okuncaneIndlela

Le ndlela ilandela indlela ehlelekile:

• Thola idatha ye-drillability yokwakheka ngokusebenzisa ukuhlola noma izindlela zokubikezela.
• Sebenzisa ukuhlaziya kwezibalo kudatha eqoqiwe yokubhoboza idwala ukuze unqume ikhono lokubhola elimaphakathi (Kd) kanye nephutha elijwayelekile (S) lokwakheka ngakunye.
• Ngeshadi lokukhetha ibhithi lekhodi le-IADC, fanisa ileveli yekhono lokubhola ukuze ubone izinhlobo zamabhithi ezifanele zokwakheka ngakunye kwejiyoloji.

4. Amapharamitha Wokubhoboza Anconyiwe wawo Wonke Amafomu

Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-ai-drill bitincike ekukhetheni uhlobo lwebhithi elungile nokusebenzisa imingcele yokumba efanelekile.

5. Iphrofayili ye-Drillability kanye nokukhethwa kwe-Bit ye-Puguang Formation

Kusetshenziswa idatha yokuma komhlaba nokugawulwa kwemithi evela emithonjeni endaweni yase-Puguang, ukusebenza kancane kwahlaziywa futhi kwahlukaniswa ngezendlalelo ze-geological kanye nosayizi bemigodi ngokusebenzisa "I-Drill Bit Technical Efficiency Index" (JX=VL=isilinganiso esimaphakathi sokungena komshini × isithombe esincane).

• Iphrofayili Yokwakheka Nokwakheka: Imininingwane yamagama ezendlalelo, ukujiya, nezinhlobo zamadwala okuhlangatshezwane nazo endaweni yase-Puguang.
• Iphrofayili Yokudonsa kanye Nokukhethwa Kwebhithi Okunconyiwe: Ihlukanisa ukwakheka ngamakhodi e-IADC ngokusekelwe kumazinga wekhono lokubhola.
• Izincomo Zokukhetha I-Empirical Bit: Ngokusekelwe kudatha yesifunda yokusetshenziswa kwebhithi, lokhu kunikeza ukulungiselelwa kwebhithi okunconyiwe kosayizi abavamile.
• Izincomo zepharamitha yobunjiniyela: Ibala isisindo esiphezulu-on-bit (WOB), i-RPM, inkomba yamandla we-hydraulic, kanye ne-threshold WOB ngokusekelwe ku-rock drill.

6. Imihlahlandlela Yokukhetha Nokusetshenziswa Kwebhithi Ye-Drill Efanelekile

(a)Ukukhetha Okususelwe Ekhonweni Le-Lithology kanye Nekhono Lokubhoboza: Inketho yebhithi yokubhoboza kufanele ngokuyinhloko icabangele i-lithology yokwakheka kanye nezigaba zamakhono okubhola, nokulungiswa okusekelwe kumaphrofayili e-lithological okuhlangatshezwane nawo ngesikhathi sokumba.

(b) Izincomo Ezijwayelekile zeIzingxenye ze-PDC: Ngokuvamile,Idatha ye-PDCzilungele ukwakheka okuthambile kuya kokuphakathi.

• Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okuthambile okunepulasitiki ephezulu, sebenzisa izingcezu ezinobubanzi obukhuluI-PDCabasiki kanye nokuchayeka kwe-highcutter ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugqekeza amatshe.
• Ngokwakheka okuqinile okumaphakathi okunepulasitiki ephansi, khetha amabhithi anama-PDC cutter anobubanzi obuncane kanye nokuchayeka okuphansi ukuvimbela ukuphuka kwe-cutter futhi andise impilo yamathuluzi.

(c) Ukuthuthukisa Amapharamitha Wokubhoboza Ngokusekelwe Kusakhiwo Sebhithi Nezimo Zokwakheka: Lungiselela amapharamitha—afana ne-WOB, i-RPM, namandla we-hydraulic—ngokusekelwe esakhiweni sebhithi nezimo zokwakheka, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ahlala phakathi kwezigaba ezinconyiwe.

(d). Ukukhetha Indlela Ngokujula Komthombo Nesakhiwo:

• Ukuze uthole ukwakheka okujulile, bhanqa izingcezu ze-PDC namamotho aphuma phansi ukuze unikeze amandla aphezulu e-RPM.
• Ngokujula okumaphakathi, izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibhobozayo ezinobubanzi obukhulu, khulisa i-WOB futhi unciphise i-RPM ngendlela efanele ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokubhola.