Ukukhuphuka kwe-HDD: Ukunqoba Izinselele kumaphrojekthi we-Hard Rock.

Eminyakeni yamuva, isidingo ukubhola okuqondile okuqondile (HDD) inyuke kakhulu. Lo mkhuba kulindeleke ukuthi uqhubeke phakathi neminyaka eyishumi ezayo. Iqhutshwa ukwanda kwezidingo zokuxhumana kanye namandla,I-HDDosonkontileka bazobhekana nezinselelo ezikhulayo lapho bebeka izintambo namapayipi angaphansi komhlaba.

YendabukoAmathuluzi e-HDD ingasetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, le mikhiqizo ayiyona ephumelela kakhulu ekubholeni amatshe. Lapho osonkontileka behlangabezana nobunzima, amathuluzi angafaneleki angabambezela ukuqhubeka futhi andise izindleko. Ukuze uqedele ngempumelelo amaphrojekthi okwakhiwa kwamatshe aqinile, izici eziyisithupha ezibalulekile kufanele zibhekwe.

1. SebenzisaIzando Zomoya Phansi Imbobo

Osonkontileka abaningi abaholayo be-HDD basebenzise izando ze-pneumatic down-the-hole zokubhoboza izendlalelo zamadwala. Uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi okumba ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ekwakhekeni okuthambile, izando eziphuma phansi zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile. Okubaluleke kakhulu, amathuluzi angena emgodini angabhoboza ukwakheka okubanzi, okuhlanganisa idwala eliqinile, idwala eliphukile, amatshe, amatshe, kanye ne-geology evulekile. Ngokubhekana nalezi zimo ze-geological, amathuluzi angena emgodini anezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo lokungena. Kafushane, amathuluzi omgodi ophansi asebenza kahle kakhulu lapho kubholwa edwaleni, okungenzeka anciphise isikhathi sokumba ngohhafu noma ngaphezulu.

2. Lungiselela Zonke Izinsiza Zamathuluzi Engosini Yomsebenzi

Izimo ze-geological kanye nemiklamo yephrojekthi ingashintsha noma nini, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba nezinsiza zamathuluzi ezilungele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezihlukahlukene zokwakha. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlobo ezahlukene zokumba zidinga amathuluzi ahlukene. Ukwakhiwa kobumba, izingcezu zendabuko, ezivamile noma izingxenye zamathuluzi ziyadingeka, kuyilapho i-rock geology idinga izando eziphuma phansi. Ama-opharetha futhi kudingeka asebenzise i-diverter ukuze axhume i-remer kanye nepayipi ngesikhathi sokuvuselela kabusha, okuvumela i-remer ukuthi ijikeleze ngenkathi igcina ipayipi limile, ngaphansi kwamandla okudonsa kuphela hhayi i-torque, ukugwema ukusonteka nokulimaza ipayipi. Ukwengeza, ama-clamp akhishwa ngokushesha e-hydraulic ayanconywa ukuze aphephe. Okokugcina, ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zilungiswe, njengama-drill rod, ama-stabilizer, ama-drill bits nama-guide bits. Abasebenzi badinga ukulungiselela kusenesikhathi ukuze bagweme isiphithiphithi esizeni somsebenzi.

3. Gcina Amathuluzi Njalo Ukuze Unwebe Ubude Besikhathi Sokuphila

Ukugcinwa kahle kwamathuluzi kuqondile kodwa kuvame ukunganakwa osonkontileka abaningi. Ngokuvamile babeka amathuluzi ngqo ngemva kokusetshenziswa, kuphela ukuze bawakhiphele iphrojekthi elandelayo. Eqinisweni, wonke amathuluzi kufanele ahlanzwe ngokushesha ngemva kwephrojekthi ngayinye. Abasebenzi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi i-diverter igcotshwa ngemva kokuphothulwa kwephrojekthi; ngezando ze-pneumatic down-the-hole, kubalulekile ukukhipha umoya ngemva kokusetshenziswa, ukugcina isando sivundlile, futhi usigcine endaweni eyomile. Ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside, isando kufanele sihlakazwe, futhi zonke izingxenye zihlolwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle nokuthi ingaphakathi lethuluzi alinakho ukungcola.

4. Izinto Okufanele Uzicabange Lapho Ukhetha Amathuluzi E-Hard Rock

Kukhona ukuhluka okuphawulekayo kokusebenza phakathi kwamathuluzi, futhi njengoba isisho sithi, "uthola lokho okukhokhelayo." Zonke izingxenye zokumba, kusukela ku-rig kuya ku-drill bit, kufanele zihambisane. Osonkontileka kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela amathuluzi ukuze bagweme imikhiqizo engekho ezingeni ethinta ikhwalithi yephrojekthi. Lapho ukhetha amathuluzi e-hard rock, cabangela amaphuzu alandelayo:

• Ukusebenza kwe-rig kufanele kuhambisane nezimo ze-geological.
• Hlola izindleko zamathuluzi kanye nezindleko zokwakha zizonke.
• Nquma ukuthi amathuluzi athile kanye nemishini kuyadingeka yini.
• Beka kuqala amathuluzi anezici eziyisiqondiso, amanani okungena aphezulu, ukunakekelwa okulula, nezindleko eziphansi zokwakha.
• Khetha abakhiqizi bamathuluzi abahloniphekile.
• Gcina ukubambisana okuseduze namathimba ochwepheshe bephrojekthi.

 5. Izinkinga Ezivamile Emiklamweni Yokubhoboza I-Hard Rock Directional

Ukwenza ukuhlola okuphelele nokuhlela iphrojekthi ngaphambi kokuqala kunganciphisa kakhulu amaphutha avamile. Unjiniyela wephrojekthi oqeqeshiwe kufanele enze lokhu okulandelayo:

• Qonda ngokunembile izimo zejoloji futhi uthuthukise amapulani okwakha ahambisanayo ngaphambi kokuba iphrojekthi iqale.
• Khetha ngokucophelela amathuluzi ahlangabezana eduze nezimfuneko zokwakha.
• Qinisekisa ukuthi ububanzi be-borehole buphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunepayipi, ugwema osayizi abakhulu kakhulu noma abancane kakhulu.
• Funa iseluleko sochwepheshe ngokushesha lapho kuphakama ubunzima.

6. Gcina Amathuluzi Ahlanzekile

Isibonelo, izando ze-pneumatic down-the-hole zisebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe njengamandla, nama-pistons abuyelana ngaphakathi kwamasilinda ukuze abe nomthelela ngokuphindaphindiwe ngemuva kwebhithi yokubhoboza, ukuzuza umsebenzi oqhubekayo futhi akhiqize imithelela yamandla emvamisa ephezulu edwaleni elidinga ukuphulwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igesi ipholisa i-drill bit futhi isuse ukusikwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokugeleza komoya ukuze kuzuzwe izinhloso zokumba. Qinisekisa ukuthi amathuluzi ahlanzekile ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa ukuze ugweme ukuminyana ngesikhathi sokwakha. Ngokuthuthuka okukhulayo kwe-underground fiber optics, ezokuxhumana, namanye amaphrojekthi kamasipala, amaqembu anolwazi olukhethekile lokusebenza kanye nesipiliyoni esicebile sokumba azoba abaholi ekubumbeni imboni.