Vula Imfihlo Yempilo Ende Ye-Drill Bit kanye Nokushayela Ngokushesha!

1. Ukukhetha Uhlobo Lwezinyo OlufaneleI-Roller Cone Drill Bits

Ukukhetha uhlobo lwamazinyo olufaneleama-roller cone drill bitsakugcini nje ngokunweba impilo yesevisi yebhithi kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa amazinga okungena futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokumba. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lwamazinyo ngokuyinhloko kuncike ezintweni ezibonakalayo nemishini yedwala, okuhlanganisa amandla alo acindezelayo, ukuqina, kanye nokubhola. Ukwengeza, izici ezifana nobubanzi be-borehole, okuqukethwe kwamanzi, kanye nokusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwe-rig yokumba kufanele kucatshangelwe:

① Ngokwakheka kwetshe eliqinile:

Izinsimbi zokubhoboza i-ball-tooth zivame ukusetshenziswa. Lezi zingcezu zinamazinyo amafushane naminyene, akwazi ukumelana nomfutho we-axial ophakeme, okuwenza afanelekele ukubhobolwa kumatshe aqine ngokwedlulele futhi abrasive.

② Ngokwakheka kwamatshe athambile:

Izinsimbi zokubhoboza izinyo le-Wedge zivame ukusetshenziswa. Lezi zingcezu zinamazinyo amade futhi amafushane, okuwenza alungele ukubhoboza amatshe athambile noma amatshe epulasitiki.

Ukukhetha okungalungile phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili kungaholela ekungasebenzi kahle. Ukusebenzisa izingcezu zezinyo lebhola edwaleni elithambile kungase kubangele ukuphila okude kodwa amazinga okungena aphansi kakhulu, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokumba zizonke. Ngokuphambene, ukusebenzisa izingcezu zamazinyo e-wedge-tooth rock eqinile kakhulu, abrasive kungabangela amazinyo e-alloy ukuthi aguge noma aphuke ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwamazinyo kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kancane nokuphila isikhathi eside.

2. Ukuthuthukisa Imingcele Yokubhoboza

Izinga lokungena kwebhithi lokubhoboza lithonywa izici eziningi, okuhlanganisa izici zomzimba nemishini yedwala, umfutho we-axial osetshenziswa kubhithi, isivinini sokujikeleza kwethuluzi lokubhola, ithoshi yebhithi, ukwakheka kwamazinyo, inani lamazinyo abamba idwala, kanye nomthamo womoya ocindezelwe osetshenziselwa ukuhlanza imigodi. Phakathi kwalokhu, amapharamitha abalulekile anquma ukusebenza kahle kokumba ingcindezi ye-axial, isivinini sokujikeleza, kanye nokugeleza komoya kokususwa kokusikwa:

①I-Axial Pressure kanye Nempilo Yebhit:

Umfutho we-axial owanele ubalulekile ukuze uphule idwala ngempumelelo, njengoba kufanele ukhiqize ingcindezi eyanele ukuze kunqobe amandla okucindezela edwala. Kodwa-ke, kukhona uhla olufanele lwe-axial pressure. Ukucindezela okwedlulele okungaphezu kwalolu banga ngeke kukhuphule izinga lokungena futhi kungase kubangele ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma kulimaze amabheringi ebhithi noma amazinyo e-carbide.

② Isivinini sokujikeleza:

Phakathi kobubanzi obuthile, izinga lokungena liyakhuphuka ngesivinini sokujikeleza. Kodwa-ke, isivinini eseqile singenza kube nzima ukususa ama-cuttings emgodini, okuholela ekuqhekekeni kwedwala kwesibili kanye nokudlidliza okunamandla, okufinyeza ukuphila okuncane. Isivinini esiphezulu siqinisekisa isikhathi esanele sokuxhumana phakathi kwamazinyo nedwala ukuze kuphuke ivolumu ngempumelelo. Kumatshe aqinile, isivinini esikhulu sokujikeleza sikhawulelwe ngenxa yokwanda komthelela wemithwalo, okusheshisa ukuguga emazinyweni nama-bhering. Ngokuphambene, kudwala elithambile, indlela enesivinini esikhulu, enengcindezi ephansi ngokuvamile iphumelela kakhulu.

③ Ukususwa Kokugeleza komoya Nokusikwa:

Umthamo wokugeleza komoya uthinta ngqo ukusebenza kancane. Ukwenyusa ukugeleza komoya kuhlanza kahle i-borehole, kuthuthukisa izimo zokumba, kunciphisa ukuguga kwamazinyo, futhi kunikeza ukupholisa okungcono kwama-biring bearings, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukuphila kancane. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanzwa kwe-borehole akuncikile kuphela ekugelezeni komoya kodwa futhi nasesikhaleni sonyaka phakathi kwepayipi lokubhoboza kanye nodonga lwe-borehole, olunquma isivinini somoya obuyayo. Ukuthuthukisa ukususwa kwe-cuttings kudinga ukulinganisa umthamo we-compressor kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa komoya okungadingekile.

④ Ukuthuthukisa Amakhono Omqhubi:

Ama-opharetha kufanele alungise i-axial pressure kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza ngokuvumelana nezinguquko zezakhiwo zamadwala ukuze zifane nezimo zokumba, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjwe ukuguga okungalingani. Ukwengeza, kufanele balandele le mihlahlandlela yokusebenza:

- Qinisekisa ukuthi umgodi uhlanzekile futhi awunazo izinto zangaphandle ngaphambi kokubhoboza.

- Gcina i-rig ezinzile futhi usebenzise isivinini esimaphakathi lapho uqala i-borehole ukugwema ukuchezuka, okunganciphisa ukuphila kancane.

- Faka ingcindezi ye-axial ephansi ekuqaleni kumabhithi amasha, okuvumela isikhathi sokugijima, ngaphambi kokukhuphukela kumazinga ajwayelekile.

- Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlinzeka ngokugeleza komoya okwanele ukuze kukhishwe izigaxa phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokumba, ngisho nalapho uhoxisa ingcosana emgodini.

- Ngemigodi emanzi noma uma usebenzisa ukucisha uthuli lwamanzi omoya, khetha izingcezu ezinezimbobo ezifanele ukuze ukhuphule umfutho womoya wendawo, uvikele amabhithi.

- Njalo hlola kancane ngemva kokubhoboza. Ukushisa okungalingani kumacones kungase kubonise imigudu yokupholisa evalekile, okufanele isulwe ngokushesha.

- Gwema ukusebenzisa amapayipi okubhoboza agobile, njengoba enza imithwalo engalingani, edala ukuguga kwendawo kanye nokulimala kancane.

- Vimbela amaphutha okusebenza ukuze ugweme ukuphonsa izingcezu emgodini we-borehole noma ukuzifaka engozini yemithwalo ezumayo.

- Uma ukubhola kumisiwe isikhashana, zungezisa amakhoni mathupha futhi ukhiphe imfucumfucu ukuze uqinisekise ukuqalwa kabusha kokusebenza kahle.

- Sebenzisa isizinzisi ngenhla kwebhithi ukuze ulondoloze ukuqondana kwemigodi, unciphise ukudlidliza, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kancane.

Iziqinisi zisiza phakathi nendawo, zinqande ukuchezuka kwemigodi, futhi zinciphise ukudlidliza, okuholela ekusebenzeni okushelelayo, ukuncipha kokuguga kwamazinyo, nokuphila okunwetshiwe kukho kokubili ibhithi nezingxenye zalo. Amabhithi anengxubevange aphinde athuthukise ukumelana nokugqokwa, avimbele ukugqokwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kumaphedi okuqinisa futhi akhulise ngokuphawulekayo ukuzinza nokuqina kukonke.