Ukusetshenziswa kanye Nokuxilongwa Kwephutha Kwe-Tricone Bits

1. Ukukhetha okuncane

Uma ubhoboza ukujula okuhlukene futhi uhlangabezana nokuqubuka kokwakheka okuhlukahlukene, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-tricone bit efanele ngokusekelwe enjongweni yokumba (isb., ukuhlanzwa kwe-wellbore, ukumba ipulaki, noma ukubhola okuqondisayo). Ezingxenyeni eziphezulu zemithombo engashoni, khetha u-ai-tricone rotary drill bitngesivinini esiphezulu sokumba imishini namazinyo ahlukene kakhulu. Ezigabeni ezijulile, lapho ukwakheka kwe-drillability kuncipha, izinga lokushisa lomthombo liyenyuka, nesikhathi sokushintshwa kwebhithi siyakhuphuka, khetha kancane okunesikhathi eside sokuphila, ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nokumelana nokuguga okuqinile, njengeI-tungsten carbide drill drill bitnoma aI-TCI trione bit. Ukwengeza amazinyo amise okwe-wedge noma a-conic kungcezu kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezomnotho, ikakhulukazi uma isebenza nayoama-borewell drilling bitsnoma ezicelweni zezimayini, lapho ukuqina kubalulekile.

2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Tricone Bit

Nakuba ukukhetha ibhithi elifanele kubalulekile, ukusetshenziswa okufanele nakho kubalulekile. Ngisho nemodeli yebhithi elungile, ukusetshenziswa okungalungile kungaholela emiphumeleni engagculisi.

(1) Ukuhlolwa Okuncane Nokwamukelwa:

Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukubukeka kwebhithi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyahambisana namathuluzi okubamba kancane, imibhobho, nezikrufu ze-nozzle. Ngaphambi kokufaka ibhithi embobeni, hlola mathupha ukuzungezisa kwe-tricone futhi urekhode imininingwane efanele, okuhlanganisa imodeli yebhithi, umkhiqizi, izinga lensimbi, inombolo yembobo yamanzi nosayizi, kanye nohlobo lwentambo yokuxhuma, uqinisekisa ukuthi ifana ne-adaptha. Uma usebenzisa i-metal seal drilling bit, hlola kabili isistimu yokuvala ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokulahlekelwa uketshezi.

(2) Ukuphatha Ibhithi:

Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokuphatha ibhithi elilungile, vikela ibhithi, sebenzisa okokugcoba ngentambo, futhi uyiqinise ngokwetorque enconyiwe, uqinisekisa ukuthi ibhithi linamathiselwe ngokuvikelekile (qinisekisa ukuthi umkhono wokugqokwa ufakwe ngokulandelana okulungile noma indawo).

(3) Ukugijima nokuHlela:

Lawula isivinini esinciphisa ngezinqamuli zokuvuthela, amakhanda e-casing, izigaba ezincishisiwe zobubanzi, izigaba zokubhola eziqondisayo, noma izigaba ze-dogleg. Yehlisa kancane kancane ukuze ugweme ipayipi elivaleleke noma ukugxuma kancane. Ezingxenyeni ezinde, zungeza ngezigaba ukuvimbela ukunamathela, ukuvuza, noma ukulahleka kokujikeleza. Qinisekisa ukuthi iphampu isebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kokuvuselela kabusha. Ai-tricone rock bitngokuvamile ifanele lezi zimo ngenxa yekhono layo lokusingatha uhla lwezakhiwo.

(4) Ukuhlola Okuphansi:

Lapho usondela phansi, qapha isisindo kubhithi (WOB) kanye netorque. Uma i-WOB ne-torque ikhula, ikhombisa ukuthintana nokusikwa okungezansi noma okunqwabelene. Gwema ukwehlisa kancane kancane noma ukuphenya phansi, njengoba kungase kuvale imigodi yamanzi. Uma kukhona okusikiwe noma okunye okuvimbayo, phakamisa intambo yokubhoboza, qala kancane iphampu, qinisekisa ukusebenza kwepompo okufanele, bese uhlanza okuphansi ngenkathi uxhuma. Njalo qala ipompo kusenesikhathi futhi uyimise sekwephuzile. Uma ubhoboza amafomu aqinile,faka izinsimbi zokubhoboza izinyoingase isebenze kangcono.

(5) Ukubhoboza noma Ukuxhuma:

Ngemva kokufinyelela phansi, geza umthombo ukuze uhlanze umgodi ngaphambi kokubhoboza. Sebenzisa i-WOB ephansi, isivinini esiphansi sokujikeleza, izinga lokugeleza okuphezulu, netorque ephansi ukuze ulondoloze izimo zembobo. Ngenkathi uzungeza futhi uzungezisa intambo yokubhoboza, ukuyiyisa phezulu naphansi kusiza ukuhlanza ibhithi. Lawula i-WOB ukuze ugweme ukulimaza ucezu. Gada izinguquko zomfutho wephampu ukuze uvimbele ukuvala umlomo wombhobho. Uma uhlangabezana ne-stick-slip noma ukuhluka okubalulekile kwetorque, lungisa isivinini, yehlisa i-WOB, sebenzisa isivinini esiphansi, futhi uzinze itorque. Uma usebenzisa i-drill string enamandla, yehlisa izinga lokugeleza; uma usebenzisa i-drill string engenawo amandla, khulisa izinga lokugeleza. Kukhona umehluko ekufaniseni i-WOB nesivinini. Ijubane eliphezulu ne-WOB ephansi kulungele ukwakheka okuthambile, kuyilapho i-WOB ephezulu nesivinini esiphansi kungcono ekubunjweni okunzima. Lapho usebenza ngama-abrasive formations,izingcezu ze-tricone yezinyo ezigayiweingase inikeze ukusebenza okungcono.

3. I-Tricone Bit Fault Diagnosis

(1) Ukuncipha kancane:

Lapho ubhoboza ukwakheka okunomunyu ophezulu, ibhithi lingancipha. Ukusebenza kwebhithi ne-stabilizer ukusika i-sourcebore kukhombisa i-torque ekhuphukile etafuleni elijikelezayo noma idrayivu ephezulu, ukubhola okubambekile, isivinini sokujikeleza esingazinzile (esishintshashintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi), futhi akukho ukwanda kwetorque yokumba. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-WOB ephansi nesivinini esiphansi akukunciphisi ukubhoboza okubambekile. Uma kungekho ukuvinjelwa ngemva kokukhuphula kancane nokumisa iphampu, futhi akukho ukusika okukhulu kwamadwala okubonwa ku-shaker, kungaphetha ngokuthi i-bit iyancipha. Le nkinga ijwayelekile uma usebenzisaizingcezu ezintathu zama-cones ezimeni ezinzima.

(2) Ukubanjwa kancane:

Uma kunokwenyuka kwe-torque (isb, umthwalo owengeziwe etafuleni elijikelezayo noma idrayivu ephezulu, ukubhola okubambekayo ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuhluka okukhulu kokukhishwayo kwesistimu yamandla, noma umsindo ongavamile wenjini), kuhlanganiswe nesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwebhithi nezimo zokwakheka, kuphakamisa ukuthi ingxenye encane ingase ibanjwe. Ukujikeleza ngokushesha kanye nokubuyiswa okuncane kufanele kwenziwe. Ai-tricone rock bitngezinye izikhathi angabhekana nalolu daba, ikakhulukazi kuma-hard rock formations.

(3) Ukulahlekelwa Amazinyo:

Uma kukhona ukwanda kwe-torque etafuleni le-rotary noma idrayivu ephezulu, futhi lapho ithebula le-rotary noma idrayivu ephezulu imisiwe, i-bit iqala ukuhlehla, ngokubhoboza okunamathelayo okuqinile, ukuguquguquka okufana nenaliti kunkomba yesisindo, kuncishiswe kakhulu noma akukho izinga lokungena, noma ukuguqulwa kwesiqondiso lapho uphakamisa intambo yokubhoboza, ukulahlekelwa kwamazinyo kungase kwenzeke. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu emithonjeni ejulile, futhi kufanele ihlolwe futhi ishintshwe kusenesikhathi ukugwema ukulimala okwengeziwe. Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinyosi ezigayiwe ezimayini noma i-TCI drill bits enokuqina okuthuthukisiwe ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuguga.

Qaphela: Esimeni lapho kubambeke khona noma izimo zokumba kungazelelwe, ibhithi kufanele likhishwe futhi lihlolwe noma lishintshwe ngokushesha. Gwema ukuhlola okuphansi ezimweni ezinjalo ukuze uvimbele ukulahlekelwa okwengeziwe kwamazinyo.

Empeleni, abakhiqizi abahlukene, osayizi, namamodeli wamabhithi e-tricone, ngisho nalapho esetshenziswa ngaphansi kwemingcele enconyiwe, banesikhathi sokusebenza esiphephile. Inqobo nje uma kungekho ukusebenza okungalungile okwenzeka phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ibhithi ngokuvamile liphephile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kuphathwe ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile ukukhetha phakathifaka izinsimbi zokubhoboza izinyonomaizingcezu ze-tricone yezinyo ezigayiwekuye ngokwakheka okuqondile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kahle.