Tri-Cone Drill Bit: Mawonekedwe a Ntchito

1) Mapangidwe oyambira ama tricone kubowola. Thupi la kubowola: Pali zidutswa zitatu za mano zomwe zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi kuwokeredwa palimodzi, ndipo pamwamba pake pali ulusi wolumikiza. Zida: Thupi lachitsulo lopangidwa ndi giya ndi mano. Mano amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mano ophwanyidwa ndikuyika mano, mayendedwe ndi zida zawo zosungiramo mafuta osindikizira.

2) Ntchito mfundo ya wodzigudubuza chulu pang'ono Pamenewodzigudubuza chuluchoimagwira ntchito pansi pa chitsime, chobowola chonsecho chimazungulira mozungulira pobowola, chomwe chimatchedwa revolution, ndipo ma cones atatu amagudubuza pansi pa chitsime molingana ndi nkhwangwa zawo zomwe zimatchedwa kuzungulira. Kupopera kobowola komwe kumapirira pobowola kumachita pamwala kudzera m'mano, kuchititsa kuti thanthwe lithyoke (kuphwanya mphamvu). Panthawi yogubuduza, chulucho chimalumikizana pansi pa chitsime ndi mano amodzi ndi mano awiri, ndipo malo omwe ali pakati pa cone amasinthasintha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kubowolako kugwedezeke motalika. Kugwedezeka kwautali uku kumapangitsa kuti chingwe chobowolacho chizipondaponda ndi kutambasula mosalekeza. Chingwe chobowola m'munsi chimasintha mphamvu ya zotanukazi nthawi ndi nthawi kukhala mphamvu yodutsa m'mano kuti ithyole thanthwe. Kukhudzika ndi kuphwanya uku ndi njira yayikulu yobowola chopukusira chodulira kuti chithyole miyala.

Kuphatikiza pa kukhudza ndi kuphwanya mwala pansi pa chitsime, chodzigudubuza cha cone chimapanganso zotsatira zometa pa thanthwe pansi pa chitsime. Pamene chulucho chimagudubuzika pansi pa chitsimecho, chimachititsanso mano kutsetsereka pansi pa chitsimecho. Kutsetsereka kwa mano kumapangitsa kumeta ubweya pa thanthwe pansi pa chitsime, kugwetsa pansi pa chitsime ngati scraper bit. Kutsetsereka kwa mano kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha pamwamba-pamwamba, cone wothandizira komanso kusintha kwa gudumu la giya. Mapangidwe apamwamba a cone amapangitsa kutsetsereka kolowera kolowera, ndipo kusuntha kwa koniyo kumapangitsa kutsetsereka kolowera ku axial. Nthawi zambiri,kubowola zidutswapobowola zofewa mpaka zapakati-zolimba zidapangidwa ndi pamwamba-pamwamba, pawiri cone ndi shafts kusuntha; zobowola pobowola zapakati-zolimba mpaka zolimba zidapangidwa ndi ma cones apamwamba komanso apawiri; Zobowola pobowola zolimba kwambiri komanso zowononga kwambiri zimapangidwa ndi ma cones apamwamba komanso apawiri. Zobowola nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito ma cones amodzi, omwe samawombera kapena kusuntha axis.

3) Magulu ndi Kusankha Mabiti Odzigudubuza Pali opanga ambiri odzigudubuza, ndipo opanga ma drill bits amabowola amitundu ndi mapangidwe osiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuwongolera kusankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma roller cone bits, bungwe la International Institute of Drilling Contractors (IADC) lapanga mulingo wogwirizana wamagulu ndi manambala a ma roller cone padziko lonse lapansi. IADC imanena kuti mtundu uliwonse wa kubowola umayimiridwa ndi nambala ya manambala atatu, ndipo tanthauzo la nambala iliyonse ndi motere:

• Nambala yoyamba imasonyeza mtundu wa dzino ndi mapangidwe oyenera kubowola: 1- mphero dzino, mapangidwe ofewa; 2- mphero dzino, wapakati mpaka wapakati-olimba mapangidwe; 3- mphero dzino, zolimba, zopweteka kapena zopweteka; 4 - zotsalira; 5-Mapangidwe a dzino, ofewa mpaka apakatikati; 6-Mano, apakati-olimba mapangidwe; 7-Mano, olimba, abrasive kapena theka-abrasive mapangidwe; 8-Mano, olimba kwambiri, mapangidwe opweteka kwambiri.
• Nambala yachiwiri ikuwonetsa kuti mapangidwe obowoleredwa amagawidwa m'makalasi anayi olimba: 1, 2, 3, ndi 4.
• Nambala yachitatu ikuwonetsa mawonekedwe a kabowola: 1- Zosatsekedwa zopindika; 2- Mzere wakunja wamano wooneka ngati T pofuna kuteteza m'mimba mwake; 3- Lowetsani mano kuti mutetezeke m'mimba mwake pamtunda wa geji; 4- Kusindikiza kosindikizidwa; 5- Kugudubuzika kosindikizidwa pamtunda wa gauge Pali zoyikapo ndi zoyezera; 6- zosindikizidwa zotsekemera; 7- zosindikizidwa zoterera zokhala ndi zoyikapo ndi zoyezera pa geji; 8 - zitsulo zokhotakhota bwino; 9 - ena.

Mawonekedwe ndi maubwino a ma roller cone kubowola:

• 1. Kuthyoka kwa miyala ndi zotsatira za kugunda ndi kumeta ubweya, zonse kukhudza kwa mano ndi kumeta chifukwa cha kutsetsereka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti miyala iphwanyike bwino.
• 2. Imasinthasintha kumagulu osiyanasiyana ndipo ndi yoyenera kubowola m'magulu onse.
• 3. Chobowolacho chimakhala ndi mphamvu yodziyeretsa bwino ndipo sichovuta kukhala ndi matope.
• 4. Mtengo wa kubowola ndi wotsika.